List of notable Micronesian Politicians
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Party Key
Liberal Party
Conservative Party
New Democrat Party
Reform Party
Micronesian National Party
Green Party
List of Micronesian Presidents
No. | Name (Birth-Death) District |
Term of Office | Electoral Mandates (Assembly) |
Political Party | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Roberto Stevens (1908-1982) Atlantic |
May 18, 1959 | June 11, 1962 | 1959 Election (1st Assembly) | Liberal Party |
Solidification of Micronesian mandate and beginning of partition with U.S.; Trade deals with U.S. and Canada; Proposed nuclear missile weapons program with the U.S, subsequent caucus defection and non-confidence defeat. | |||||
2 | Keith Webber (1919-2011) Consecon |
June 11, 1962 | September 21, 1970 | 1962 Election (2nd Assembly) 1966 Election (3rd Assembly) |
Conservative Party |
Easing of tensions between U.S. and Soviet Union; Economic success due to reducing of tariffs and lowering of income taxes; Growing popularity due to use of ads on television; Founding of MBC and subsequent selling to the private industry; Repeal of by-elections in the Election Act; First Prorogation of Parliament due to family illness; Setting the number of ridings for elections at 97; Crackdown on drugs and hippies during the Psychedelic years; Economic prosperity during leadership | |||||
3 | Jerry Goodwin (1930-1998) South Coast |
September 21, 1970 | May 7, 1973 | 1970 Election (4th Assembly) | Liberal Party |
Raising of tariffs on non-national industries; Brief raising on income tax on rich people; Semi-coalition from NDP for first year of term; Economic downfall of 1971 and loss of support; Further support to aid poor through taxes; "Tax-and-Spend Liberals" scandal; Loss of NDP support and end of government | |||||
4 | Bernard Farmer (1914-1984) Hart-Delaware |
May 7, 1973 | September 29, 1975 | 1973 Election (5th Assembly) | Conservative Party |
Brief skirmish between Liberals and NDP on coalition power, subsequent ban on coalition parties; Poll-fixing scandal; Budget inflation scandal; Economic downturn due to failure to pay bonds to outside investors, subsequent fall in Micronesian dollar; Misleading attack ads against NDP; Near removal from office, subsequent non-confidence vote | |||||
5 | Dennis Garcia (1937-2016) Thompson |
September 29, 1975 | September 9, 1985 | 1975 Election (6th Assembly) 1978 Election (7th Assembly) 1983 Election (8th Assembly) |
Liberal Party |
Longest serving and most notable President up to that point; Freezing of tariffs confirming economic stability; Banning of polls and change of election system to alternative vote per riding; NDP "partnership" and community housing plans; 1978 Majority victory and cancellation of housing plans; Reform of Judicial system making it easier for Presidents to appoint Supreme Court Justices; Conflict of Interest trial and acquittal; Attempt at changing parole system; "Makeshift government" scandal; Automotive strikes and closure of factories; Economic downfall of 1984; White Tower incident of 1985 and subsequent resignation as party leader on April 22; Travis Hunter named leader of Liberal Party while Garcia stayed as President until the 1985 election | |||||
6 | Anthony Pope (1925-2002) Hillier |
September 9, 1985 | November 14, 1988 | 1985 Election (9th Assembly) | Conservative Party |
Repealing of many of Garcia's economic plans and bills; Failure to revert back to First-Past-The-Post system; Successful removal of Opposition Leader Dale Carter from office; Clarification of ridings; Brief economic gain in 1987; MP expenses scandal of 1988 and snap election | |||||
7 (1 of 2) |
Travis Hunter (1945-) Washington-Reno |
November 14, 1988 | February 6, 1989 | 1988 Election (10th Assembly) | Liberal Party |
Elected despite placing third in overall vote; Lack of support in economic plans and defeat in 1989 budget forces election | |||||
8 | David Calvencecci (1953-2011) Dawson-Northport |
February 6, 1989 | February 7, 1994 | 1989 Election (11th Assembly) | New Democrat Party |
First President from the New Democrats; Increased income tax on rich; Agreed with U.S. to make Micronesian Dollar equal to U.S. Dollar, effectively stabilizing their economic policy; Cuts to big business subsidiaries result in massive job losses and welfare output; "Risky" economic experiments and resentment from opposition | |||||
7 (2 of 2) |
Travis Hunter (1945-) Washington-Reno |
February 7, 1994 | June 10, 1996 | 1994 Election (12th Assembly) | Liberal Party |
First President elected to non-consecutive terms; Restructuring and repealing old policies from NDP; Tariffs on U.S.; Failed attempt to raise income tax rates; Caucus revolt and subsequent non-confidence vote leading to election | |||||
9 | Steven Stamkos (1946-2020) Central |
June 10, 1996 | September 21, 1998 | 1996 Election (13th Assembly) | New Democrat Party |
Removal of tariffs on U.S. and joining of NAFTA after two-year delay; Improvement of exports and end of 26-year recession; MP expenses scandal; Signing of Kyoto Protocol; 1998 Ice Storm; Reduction of printing of Micronesian Dollar in favour of U.S. Dollar; Lowering income tax for all income brackets; Layoff scandal and subsequent election call | |||||
10 | Tyler Holmes (1959-2011) South Portsmouth |
September 21, 1998 | January 31, 2003 | 1998 Election (14th Assembly) 2000 Election (15th Assembly) |
Conservative Party |
First Micronesian-born President; Removal of quorum laws; Restriction of freedom of press on television; Higher taxation on lower classes and subsequent riots; Reduction in public services and subsequent one-day strikes in hospitals and schools; 1999, 2001 and 2002 MRT wildcat strikes; 2000 election scandal, riots and police action; Bribery allegations and subsequent cover-ups; Transfer of defense details to Portugal and subsequent removal from office; First President removed from office per the Election Act | |||||
11 | Michael McCloud (1956-) Bloomfield |
January 31, 2003 | September 20, 2004 | Inter-election appt. | Conservative Party |
Restructuring of government by repealing most of the acts breaking the constitution; Further restriction on the powers of the President; 2003 SARS crisis; 2003 Eastern Seaboard Blackout crisis; Budget fixing scandal; First to force election based on advice from speaker of the parliament | |||||
12 | John Tavares (1961-2012) Interlagos |
September 20, 2004 | April 9, 2012 | 2004 Election (16th Assembly) 2008 Election (17th Assembly) |
Liberal Party |
Fixing of Presidential terms to no more than five years; Fixing trade agreements with U.S. and Canada; Expansion of military; Participation in the conflict in Afghanistan, the first military exercise outside of Micronesia; Tax benefits to businesses; 2008 Attack ad scandals; Economic crisis of 2009-10; Budget fixing scandal; Brief agreement with Green Party; Ad expenses scandal; First President assassinated | |||||
13 | David Ray (1962-) Washington-Bellows |
April 9, 2012 | February 22, 2016 | Inter-election appt. 2012 Election (18th Assembly) 2015 Election (19th Assembly) |
Liberal Party |
First President of a minority race; 2013 Micronesian floods; Extreme Weather Act; 2013 Ice storm; Municipal Anti-Corruption Act; Bribery scandal involving VP and Speaker; Attempted assassination on March 2014; Fiscal strengthening and spending control limits enacted; Stagnation of economy and non-confidence vote, leading to early election; Trans Pacific Partnership; Minority rule and Compulsory Voting Act opposition | |||||
14 (1 of 2) |
Matthew Turner (1976-) Rossmore-Samuel |
February 22, 2016 | August 9, 2020 | 2016 Election (20th Assembly) 2019 Election (21st Assembly) |
Micronesian National Party |
Workplace insurance reform; Minimum wage enforcement for restaurant workers; Uber-Taxi disputes; Operation Bedlam and Donald Trump; Subsequent refugee plan and removal of visas required to enter the country; Minimum working hours for shift workers; Environmental Action Plan; Climate State of Emergency; Coronavirus pandemic; Red Flag Movement protests; Resignation due to health concerns | |||||
15 | Deborah Willis (1963-) Falstaff-Gander |
August 9, 2020 | November 13, 2022 | Inter-election appt. | Micronesian National Party |
First female President of Micronesia; Coronavirus pandemic and lockdowns; Red Flag Movement protests; Exile of Peter Wright; March 14, 2021 protests and riots; Assassination of Health Minister Sheila Cook; New Years 2022 riots; May 21, 2022 blackout and looting; Teachers labour dispute and subsequent general strike; Assassination of Education Minister Brendan Harrison; Repeal of Bill 28 mandating back to work legislation; Firing of Tanya Eriksen and subsequent loss of confidence in cabinet, forcing resignation | |||||
16 | Jonathan Jennings (1972-) Washington-Demorestville |
November 13, 2022 | November 29, 2023 | Inter-election appt. | Micronesian National Party |
Inflation and cost-of-living crisis; prosecution of lockdown protestors; November 24, 2023 Fourside synagogue shooting, anti-Semitic comments and subsequent resignation | |||||
14 (2 of 2) |
Matthew Turner (1976-) Rossmore-Samuel |
November 29, 2023 | November 11, 2024 | Inter-election appt. | Micronesian National Party |
Elevated to office after Vice-President Castillo temporarily resigned; Aftermath of Fourside synagogue shooting; Inflation and cost-of-living crisis | |||||
17 | Ranjit Mukherjee (1968-) Washington-Johnston |
November 11, 2024 | Incumbent | 2024 Election (22nd Assembly) | Reform Party |
TBD |
List of Vice-Presidents
No. | Name (Birth-Death) District |
Term of Office | Political Party | Presidents Served | Ministry | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Raymond van Buren (1892-1962) |
May 18, 1959 | June 11, 1962 | Liberal Party | Roberto Stevens (1959-62) | Justice | Only Vice-President born in the 19th century. Died two months after leaving office. |
2 | Michael McClane (1902-1973) |
June 11, 1962 | September 12, 1966 | Conservative Party | Keith Webber (1962-66) | Justice | |
3 | Roscoe Simmons (1926-2007) |
September 12, 1966 | September 21, 1970 | Conservative Party | Keith Webber (1966-70) | Justice | |
4 (1 of 2) |
Donald Dumfries (1911-1975) |
September 21, 1970 | May 7, 1973 | Liberal Party | Jerry Goodwin (1970-73) | Defense | |
5 | Layton Carroll (1935-) |
May 7, 1973 | September 29, 1975 | Conservative Party | Bernard Farmer (1973-75) | Defense | |
4 (2 of 2) |
Donald Dumfries (1911-1975) |
September 29, 1975 | December 16, 1975 | Liberal Party | Dennis Garcia (1975) | Defense | First Vice-President to serve two terms. Died in office. |
6 | Craig Fischer (1928-1998) |
December 16, 1975 | July 5, 1978 | Liberal Party | Dennis Garcia (1975-78) | Justice | Mid-term appointment. Fired from office before finishing term. |
7 | Mark Miller (1927-) |
July 5, 1978 | August 29, 1983 | Liberal Party | Dennis Garcia (1978-83) | Defense | Mid-term appointment. Kept office after re-election in 1978. |
8 | Travis Hunter (1945-) |
August 29, 1983 | September 9, 1985 | Liberal Party | Dennis Garcia (1983-85) | Justice | Led the Liberal Party after the resignation of Dennis Garcia in 1985, while Garcia remained as President. |
9 | Seymour Phillips (1920-1990) |
September 9, 1985 | November 14, 1988 | Conservative Party | Anthony Pope (1985-88) | Justice | |
10 | Benjamin Smith (1952-) |
November 14, 1988 | February 6, 1989 | Liberal Party | Travis Hunter (1988-89) | Defense | |
11 | Drew Finley (1955-) |
February 6, 1989 | September 26, 1994 | New Democrat Party | David Calvencecci (1989-94) | Defense | |
12 | Andrew Harris (1950-) | September 26, 1994 | June 10, 1996 | Liberal Party | Travis Hunter (1994-96) | Justice | |
13 | Kevin Byrne (1931-) |
June 10, 1996 | September 21, 1998 | New Democrat Party | Steven Stamkos (1996-98) | Foreign Affairs | |
14 | James Moore (1947-2001) | September 21, 1998 | September 11, 2001 | Conservative Party | Tyler Holmes (1998-2001) | Defense | Died in office. |
15 | Michael McCloud (1956-) |
September 11, 2001 | January 31, 2003 | Conservative Party | Tyler Holmes (2001-03) | Finance | Mid-term appointment. Took office of Presidency after removal of office of Tyler Holmes. |
16 | Jimmy Steele (1948-) | January 31, 2003 | September 20, 2004 | Conservative Party | Michael McCloud (2003-04) | Defense | Mid-term appointment. Interim role as Speaker of the Parliament never appointed Steele as Vice-President. |
17 | James Carter (1959-) | September 20, 2004 | September 8, 2008 | Liberal Party | John Tavares (2004-08) | Justice | |
18 | David Ray (1962-) |
September 8, 2008 | April 9, 2012 | Liberal Party | John Tavares (2008-12) | Defense | Took office of Presidency after death of John Tavares. |
19 | Alex Hindmarch (1963-) |
April 9, 2012 | March 31, 2014 | Liberal Party | David Ray (2012-14) | Justice | Mid-term appointment. Retained office after 2012 election. Resigned due to bribery allegations. |
20 | Linton McInroe (1969-) |
March 31, 2014 | February 22, 2016 | Liberal Party | David Ray (2014-2016) | Finance | Mid-term appointment. |
21 | Deborah Willis (1963-) |
February 22, 2016 | August 9, 2020 | Micronesian National Party | Matthew Turner (2016-2020) | Justice | Took office of Presidency after resignation of Matthew Turner. |
22 | Jonathan Jennings (1972-) |
August 9, 2020 | November 13, 2022 | Micronesian National Party | Deborah Willis (2020-2022) | Finance | Mid-term appointment. Took office of Presidency after resignation of Deborah Willis. |
23 | Jorge Castillo (1960-) |
November 13, 2022 | November 11, 2024 | Micronesian National Party | Jonathan Jennings (2022-2023) Matthew Turner (2023-2024) |
Labour | Mid-term appointment. Resigned temporarily so that Matthew Turner could be elevated to Presidency. |
24 | Patrick Wang (1965-) |
November 11, 2024 | Incumbent | Reform Party | Ranjit Mukherjee (2024-) | Defense |
List of Leaders of Opposition
No. | Leader of the Opposition | Party | Took Office | Left Office | President | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Keith Webber | Conservative Party | May 18, 1959 | June 11, 1962 | Roberto Stevens | |||
- | Roberto Stevens | Liberal Party | June 11, 1962 | July 1, 1962 | Keith Webber | Resigned before taking office | ||
2 | Jerry Goodwin | Liberal Party | July 1, 1962 | September 21, 1970 | Keith Webber | |||
(1) | Keith Webber | Conservative Party | September 21, 1970 | February 2, 1971 | Jerry Goodwin | Resigned from office | ||
3 | Bernard Farmer | Conservative Party | February 2, 1971 | May 7, 1973 | Jerry Goodwin | |||
(2) | Jerry Goodwin | Liberal Party | May 7, 1973 | September 4, 1974 | Bernard Farmer | Resigned from office | ||
4 | Dennis Garcia | Liberal Party | September 4, 1974 | September 29, 1975 | Bernard Farmer | |||
5 | Alexander Ingram | New Democrat Party | September 29, 1975 | October 16, 1978 | Dennis Garcia | |||
6 | Bernard Horton | Conservative Party | October 16, 1978 | September 19, 1983 | Dennis Garcia | Resigned from office | ||
(5) | Alexander Ingram | New Democrat Party | September 19, 1983 | April 8, 1984 | Dennis Garcia | Resigned from office | ||
7 | Dale Carter | New Democrat Party | April 8, 1984 | May 22, 1986 | Dennis Garcia | Retained office through election | ||
Anthony Pope | Removed from office | |||||||
8 | David Calvencecci | New Democrat Party | May 22, 1986 | February 6, 1989 | Anthony Pope | Retained office through election | ||
Travis Hunter | ||||||||
9 | Travis Hunter | Liberal Party | February 6, 1989 | February 7, 1994 | David Calvencecci | |||
10 | Lee Stewart | Conservative Party | February 7, 1994 | February 5, 1995 | Travis Hunter | Resigned from office | ||
11 | Tyler Holmes | Conservative Party | February 5, 1995 | September 21, 1998 | Travis Hunter | Retained office through election | ||
Steven Stamkos | ||||||||
12 | Steven Stamkos | New Democrat Party | September 21, 1998 | October 2, 2011 | Tyler Holmes | Retained office through election; later retained through removal of President | ||
Michael McCloud | Retained office through election | |||||||
John Tavares | Retained office through election; later resigned from office | |||||||
13 | Johnathan Bell | New Democrat Party | October 2, 2011 | September 24, 2012 | John Tavares | |||
David Ray | ||||||||
14 | David Warren | Conservative Party | September 24, 2012 | June 15, 2015 | David Ray | Renamed Party | ||
Reform Party | ||||||||
15 | Matthew Turner | Micronesian National Party | June 15, 2015 | February 22, 2016 | David Ray | |||
16 | Colm Parker | Green Party | February 22, 2016 | November 18, 2019 | Matthew Turner | |||
17 | Peter Wright | Reform Party | November 18, 2019 | January 7, 2021 | Matthew Turner | Removed from office [1] | ||
Deborah Willis | ||||||||
18 | Ranjit Mukherjee | Reform Party | January 7, 2021 | Novmeber 11, 2024 | Deborah Willis | |||
Jonathan Jennings | ||||||||
Matthew Turner | ||||||||
19 | Scarlett Palmer | Liberal Party | November 11, 2024 | Incumbent | Ranjit Mukherjee |
- ↑ Not formally removed from office through the formal removal process, but he was disqualified from office since he left the country in exile, claiming that he was avoiding persecution for crimes he didn't commit. He was still considered the de facto leader of the Reform Party, with Mukherjee nominated as his de jure replacement. Wright resigned as leader on September 9, 2022, citing that it was "fundamentally impossible" to resume his duties as leader.
List of Speakers of Parliament
Name | Term Start | Term End | Appointed By | Other Presidents | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Herbert Howard | 1959 | 1964 | Roberto Stevens | Keith Webber | |
Herbert Howard | 1964 | 1969 | Keith Webber | ||
James Johnson | 1969 | 1974 | Keith Webber | Jerry Goodwin Bernard Farmer |
|
Kenneth Smith | 1974 | 1979 | Bernard Farmer | Dennis Garcia | |
Steven Cox | 1979 | 1983 | Dennis Garcia | Resigned from office | |
Michael Riley | 1983 | 1984 | Dennis Garcia | Served remaining term | |
Michael Riley | 1984 | 1989 | Dennis Garcia | Travis Hunter Anthony Pope David Calvencecci |
|
Oliver Dixon | 1989 | 1994 | David Calvencecci | Travis Hunter | |
Daniel Chen | 1994 | 1997 | Travis Hunter | Steven Stamkos | Resigned from office |
Pekka Aho | 1997 | 1999 | Steven Stamkos | Tyler Holmes | Served remaining term |
William Hammett | 1999 | 2003 | Tyler Holmes | Michael McCloud | Died in office |
Calvin Davis | 2003 | 2004 | Michael McCloud | John Tavares | Served remaining term |
Linton McInroe | 2004 | 2008 | John Tavares | Resigned from office | |
Sergio Marquez | 2008 | 2009 | John Tavares | Served remaining term | |
Sergio Marquez | 2009 | 2014 | John Tavares | David Ray | Resigned from office |
John Robinson | 2014 | 2014 | David Ray | Served remaining term | |
John Robinson | 2014 | 2019 | David Ray | Matthew Turner | |
William Haines | 2019 | 2024 | Matthew Turner | Deborah Willis Jonathan Jennings |
|
William Haines | 2024 | pres. | Matthew Turner | Ranjit Mukherjee |